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Facts & Information For Norfolk Island
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| Background: | Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. | Location: | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia | Geographic coordinates: | 29 02 S, 167 57 E | Map references: | Oceania | Area: | total: 34.6 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 34.6 sq km | Area - comparative: | about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC | Land boundaries: | 0 km | Coastline: | 32 km | Maritime claims - as described in UNCLOS 1982 (see Notes and Definitions): | territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM | Climate: | subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation | Terrain: | volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains | Elevation extremes: | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Bates 319 m | Natural resources: | fish | Land use: | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 100% (1998 est.) | Irrigated land: | NA sq km | Natural hazards: | typhoons (especially May to July) | Environment - current issues: | NA | Geography - note: | most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated | Population: | 1,841 (July 2004 est.) | Age structure: | 0-14 years: 20.2%
15-64 years: 63.9%
65 years and over: 15.9% (2004 est.) | Population growth rate: | -0.01% (2004 est.) | Birth rate: | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | Death rate: | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | Net migration rate: | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | Sex ratio: | NA (2004 est.) | Infant mortality rate: | total: NA%
male: NA%
female: NA% (2004 est.) | Life expectancy at birth: | total population: NA years
male: NA years
female: NA years (2004 est.) | Total fertility rate: | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) | HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: | NA% | HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: | NA | HIV/AIDS - deaths: | NA | Nationality: | noun: Norfolk Islander(s)
adjective: Norfolk Islander(s) | Ethnic groups: | descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians | Religions: | Anglican 37.4%, Uniting Church in Australia 14.5%, Roman Catholic 11.5%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3.1%, none 12.2%, unknown 17.4%, other 3.9% (1996) | Languages: | English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian | Literacy: | NA | Country name: | conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island
conventional short form: Norfolk Island | Dependency status: | territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories | Government type: | NA | Capital: | Kingston | Administrative divisions: | none (territory of Australia) | Independence: | none (territory of Australia) | National holiday: | Pitcairners Arrival Day, 8 June (1856) | Constitution: | Norfolk Island Act of 1979 | Legal system: | based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law | Suffrage: | 18 years of age; universal | Executive branch: | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)
election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%
elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)
head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)
cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator | Legislative branch: | unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 29 November 2001 (next to be held by December 2004)
election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 | Judicial branch: | Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions | Political parties and leaders: | none | Political pressure groups and leaders: | none | International organization participation: | none | Diplomatic representation in the US: | none (territory of Australia) | Diplomatic representation from the US: | none (territory of Australia) | Flag description: | three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band | Economy - overview: | Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. | GDP: | purchasing power parity - $NA | GDP - real growth rate: | NA% | GDP - per capita: | purchasing power parity - $NA | GDP - composition by sector: | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA% | Population below poverty line: | NA% | Household income or consumption by percentage share: | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% | Inflation rate (consumer prices): | NA% | Labor force: | NA | Labor force - by occupation: | tourism NA%, subsistence agriculture NA% | Unemployment rate: | NA% (2002 est.) | Budget: | revenues: $4.6 million
expenditures: $4.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY92/93) | Industries: | tourism | Industrial production growth rate: | NA% | Electricity - production: | NA kWh | Electricity - production by source: | fossil fuel: 0%
hydro: 0%
other: 0% (2002)
nuclear: 0% | Electricity - consumption: | NA kWh | Agriculture - products: | Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry | Exports: | $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY91/92) | Exports - commodities: | postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados | Exports - partners: | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | Imports: | $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) | Imports - commodities: | NA | Imports - partners: | Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe | Debt - external: | $NA | Economic aid - recipient: | $NA | Currency: | Australian dollar (AUD) | Currency code: | AUD | Exchange rates: | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999) | Fiscal year: | 1 July - 30 June | Telephones - main lines in use: | 2,532; note: a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) | Telephones - mobile cellular: | 0 (1983) | Telephone system: | general assessment: adequate
domestic: NA
international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite service planned for near future | Radio broadcast stations: | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | Radios: | 2,500 (1996) | Television broadcast stations: | 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (1998) | Televisions: | 1,200 (1996) | Internet country code: | .nf | Internet Service Providers (ISPs): | 2 (2000) | Internet users: | NA | Railways: | 0 km | Highways: | total: 80 km
paved: 53 km
unpaved: 27 km (2001) | Waterways: | none | Ports and harbors: | none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade | Merchant marine: | none | Airports: | 1 (2003 est.) | Airports - with paved runways: | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2003 est.) | Military - note: | defense is the responsibility of Australia | Disputes - international: | none |
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Source: The CIA World Factbook 2004
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